Explain Podcast

Explain Podcast

By explain.pod

The Podcast Explain is for everyone interested in DNA/RNA sequencing or technology in general. As Iuliia doesn't have a solid background in sequencing, she keeps asking "simple" - even silly at times - questions and Daniel gives his best to make us understand.
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E5: Illumina Sequencing Part I

Explain PodcastNov 13, 2023
00:00
34:31
454.bio
Apr 07, 202625:52
Special: other Nanopore Sequencing
Mar 20, 202638:47
News: AlphaGenome, Vibecoding
Mar 10, 202635:58
News: PacBio, Illumina, Nanopore...
Feb 20, 202624:33
Array Sequencing

Array Sequencing

For when matching and sticking is enough to get

Links:

Nice Youtube explainer: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NgRfc6atXQ8

Another nice one: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4bOY2Oh5tEQ

Explaining this and more: https://berkeleygenomics.org/articles/How_many_human_genomes_have_been_sequenced_.html

Since 2018, the West German Genome Center (⁠https://wggc.de/⁠) supports research in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise and sequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network (NGS-CN: ⁠https://ngs-kn.de/⁠) – network of NGS core facilities in Germany.

Listen to our podcast and we're happy to receive your feedback&questions via Email (podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com ).

License Notice

This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.


Attribution:

Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

Website: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/⁠

Dec 23, 202541:35
Sequencing by Expansion (SBX)

Sequencing by Expansion (SBX)

After 454 now the second try by Roche: Axelios.


Preprint: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2025.02.19.639056v1


Read here about the PoC: https://www.pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.1601782113


Current state (2025): https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMc2512825


Correction: the 5B flow cell will arrive for the NovaseqX(+), not for the Nextseq2000


Also:

PacBio makes sequencing cheaper: https://www.pacb.com/press_releases/pacbio-announces-major-advances-for-revio-and-vega-to-lower-genome-cost-and-expand-multiomic-capabilities/⁠


Roche about SBX: https://sequencing.roche.com/global/en/article-listing/sequencing-platform-technologies.html


Roche from a conference: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YN2meswiCiQ



Since 2018, West German Genome Center (⁠https://wggc.de/⁠) operates as the next generation sequencing facility and supports research in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise and sequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network (NGS-CN: ⁠https://ngs-kn.de/⁠) – network of NGS core facilities in Germany. Listen to our podcast and we're happy to receive your feedback&questions via Email (podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com ).

License Notice

This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

Attribution:

Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

Website: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/⁠

Nov 18, 202542:51
News: 23andMe
Oct 02, 202521:59
Special: Sequencing in Immunology

Special: Sequencing in Immunology

The science of white blood cells, and much more


Chapters:

05:30 Immunology how?

22:05 22q11.2 deletion syndrome

34:30 Scientific collaboration

40:00 Data losses

50:00 Flip it!

53:00 outlook 2030


Links:

mini-immunology intro:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k9QAyP3bYmc



22Q e. V. - zentraler Anlaufpunkt für Menschen mit Deletionssyndrom 22q11 oder Duplikationssyndrom 22q11 im deutschsprachigen Raum https://www.wirsind22q.de/aus-dem-verein/vorstand


Podcast for young immunologists from young immunologists https://theyoungimmunologist.buzzsprout.com/


Contact Nora here https://www.linkedin.com/in/nora-balzer-phd-253a767b


Some information about training courses and events https://www.immunology.org/traininghttps://dgfi.org/dgfi-en/academy-of-immunology/


Since 2018, West German Genome Center (⁠https://wggc.de/⁠) operates as the next generation sequencing facility and supports research in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise and sequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network (NGS-CN: ⁠https://ngs-kn.de/⁠) – network of NGS core facilities in Germany. Listen to our podcast and we're happy to receive your feedback&questions via Email (podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com ).

License Notice

This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

Attribution:

Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

Website: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/⁠

Aug 06, 202557:01
E15: Singular Genomics | ATAC-seq

E15: Singular Genomics | ATAC-seq

Sharing a flowcell, reinvented


Chapters:

- 00:00 usegalaxy.org

- 07:55 Singular Genomics start

- 21:55 Max Reads

- 29:40 DNA Structure / ATAC-seq


Setup galaxy on local hardware:

https://galaxyproject.org/admin/get-galaxy/


G4 is competing with Illumina:

https://www.genengnews.com/topics/omics/fast-and-flexible-singulars-g4-takes-aim-at-illuminas-sequencing-superiority/


Singulars chemistry is one of many:

https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-023-00512-4


How max reads works:

https://techwriting.singulargenomics.com/max-read/Max-Read-Kit-User-Guide-600026.pdf


Small intro to DNA Structures:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleic_acid_quaternary_structure


Intro to ATAC-seq:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41596-022-00692-9


PS:

As of 2025, Singular does not advertise DNA/RNA Sequencing on their G4 anymore, but shifted to spatial data, including their G4X: https://www.singulargenomics.com/



Since 2018, West German Genome Center (⁠https://wggc.de/⁠) operates as the next generation sequencing facility and supports research in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise and sequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network (NGS-CN: ⁠https://ngs-kn.de/⁠) – network of NGS core facilities in Germany. Listen to our podcast and we're happy to receive your feedback&questions via Email (podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com ).

License Notice

This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

Attribution:

Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

Website: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/⁠

May 28, 202546:07
E14: Ultima Genomics + Element UltraQ

E14: Ultima Genomics + Element UltraQ

Spinnin' bases on wafers to do mostly natural SBS


Chapters:

- 00:00 Ultima ePCR with beads

- 07:10 Spinning the wafer, nucleotides, no blocking

- 14:30 Ultima ppmSeq + Element UltraQ

- 25:30 How Element UltraQ was born

- 30:30 snakemake, cromwell, nextflow

- 36:50 ncRNA


Ultimas homepage: https://www.ultimagenomics.com/


Nature paper with the chemistry: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41587-022-01452-6


Elements UltraQ chemistry:

https://www.elementbiosciences.com/cloudbreak-ultraq-enhanced-sequencing-accuracy-when-precision-matters-most


Snakemake: https://snakemake.readthedocs.io/en/stable/


Nextflow: https://www.nextflow.io/docs/latest/index.html


Cromwell: https://cromwell.readthedocs.io/en/stable/


Small overview of not all ncRNA types: https://microbenotes.com/types-of-rna/


Since 2018, West German Genome Center (https://wggc.de/) operates as the next generation sequencing facility and supports research in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise and sequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network (NGS-CN: https://ngs-kn.de/) – network of NGS core facilities in Germany. Listen to our podcast and we're happy to receive your feedback&questions via Email (podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com ).

License Notice

This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠⁠⁠⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠⁠⁠⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

Attribution:

Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

Website: ⁠⁠⁠⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/⁠

Apr 02, 202546:20
E13: Sequencing by Avidity | Element Biosciences + XLEAP

E13: Sequencing by Avidity | Element Biosciences + XLEAP

Because sometimes a jellyfish prevents quenching


Chapters:


01:00 - XLeap update from Illumina

08:00 - Avidites start, splitting the problems

13:20 - In-depth comparison to Illumina

22:00 - Element summary

23:30 - Bioinformatics tools: Jellyfish, KAT

25:00 - QuickGen: GWAS


Illumina about their XLeap: https://www.illumina.com/science/genomics-research/articles/data-quality-q-scores.html

Sandiegomics about element: https://sandiegomics.com/element-beats-illumina-to-the-200-genome/


Nature paper about the chemistry: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41587-023-01750-7


Jellyfish for k-mer counting: https://github.com/gmarcais/Jellyfish


GWAS Catalog: very nice data collection: https://www.ebi.ac.uk/gwas/diagram


Correcting population-based GWAS bias: https://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1011242



Since 2018, West German Genome Center (https://wggc.de/) operates as the next generation sequencing facility and supports research in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise and sequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network (NGS-CN: https://ngs-kn.de/) - network of NGS core facilities in Germany. Listen to our podcast and we're happy to receive your feedback&questions via Email (podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com ).

License Notice

This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠⁠⁠⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠⁠⁠⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

Attribution:

Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

Website: ⁠⁠⁠⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/⁠

Mar 12, 202539:42
E12: ONSO | Sequencing by binding

E12: ONSO | Sequencing by binding

Now Illuminas IP, previously PacBios, previously OMNIONE...


Because only one type of nucleotide is not complicated enough


Chapters:

01:35 Introducing old problems

15:30 More Phred, more better

34:40 QuickGen: genetic testing

47:40 Bioinformatics tools: samtools


PacBio ONSO Specs: https://www.pacb.com/wp-content/uploads/Onso-specification-sheet.pdf


SBB explained by PacBio: https://www.pacb.com/blog/sbb-sequencing/


Why higher quality is better: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11331594/


Short read sequencing market heating up: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41587-022-01632-4


SBB for visual learners: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i_mSaNBOVmQ


Since 2018, West German Genome Center (https://wggc.de/)operates as the next generation sequencing facility and supports research in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise and sequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network (NGS-CN: https://ngs-kn.de/) - network of NGS core facilities in Germany. Listen to our podcast and we're happy to receive your feedback&questions via Email (podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com ).

License Notice

This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠⁠⁠⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠⁠⁠⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

Attribution:

Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

Website: ⁠⁠⁠⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/⁠

Jan 28, 202554:38
Special: Long vs Short reads

Special: Long vs Short reads

Mixing up long and cheap

... soon we need to add "vs mid-reads"

Chapters:

00:00:00 Intro

00:03:30 Florians history

00:13:50 Q&A Ressources for Bioinformatics

00:27:00 Long-read-tools.org

00:35:42 ONT || PacBio

00:57:00 Storage

01:09:00 Outro


Up-to-date, raw prices:https://albertvilella.substack.com/p/march-2024-ngsspecs-update


Dovetail comparing the two long-read technologies:https://dovetailbiopartners.com/2023/08/10/pacbio-vs-nanopore-unraveling-the-sequencing-odyssey-in-life-sciences/


Comparing PacBios old CLRs to ONT:https://academic.oup.com/g3journal/article/12/11/jkac192/6651842?login=true


RNA Performance comparison, wonderful read:https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.07.25.550582v1.full.pdf+html


Integras 0.02$:https://www.integra-biosciences.com/united-states/en/blog/article/short-read-vs-long-read-sequencing


Since 2018, West German Genome Center (https://wggc.de/) operates as the next generation sequencing facility and supports research in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise and sequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network (NGS-CN: https://ngs-kn.de/) - network of NGS core facilities in Germany. Listen to our podcast and we're happy to receive your feedback&questions via Email (podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com ).

Our podcast is an outreach activity within the national genomics facility "West German Genome Center" funded by the DFG (https://www.dfg.de/) (No. 407493903)

License Notice

This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠⁠⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠⁠⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

Attribution:

Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

Website: ⁠⁠⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/⁠

Aug 01, 202401:11:57
E11: MGI DNA Nanoball sequencing

E11: MGI DNA Nanoball sequencing

Rolling in circles to make DNA yarns


Chapters:

00:00 Bioinformatics Upper Crust Tools

04:04 STAR

05:00 MGI

15:00 Daniels first contact

20:00 Brief Market Overview

22:30 Short read market

26:00 DFG High Costs Sequencing Projects Application

29:20 QuickGen: Introns and Exons

35:00 Conclusion


MGI vs Illumina: https://alitheagenomics.com/blog/how-do-rna-seq-results-compare-between-illumina-and-mgi-sequencing-platforms


Rolling the circle: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5568012/pdf/nihms894568.pdf


MGI vs Illumina legal case:https://www.reuters.com/technology/illumina-ordered-pay-chinese-company-333-million-gene-sequencing-patent-case-2022-05-06/


The basics of MGIs technology: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gThcHHh4R0w


DFG Application:https://www.dfg.de/de/aktuelles/neuigkeiten-themen/info-wissenschaft/2024/ifw-24-30


GTL/WGGC: https://www.gtl.hhu.de/wggc


TSM link http://tsm.gtl.hhu.de/- submit your request and our colleagues will contact you


Since 2018, West German Genome Center https://wggc.de/) operates as the next generation sequencing facility and supports research in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise and sequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network (NGS-CN: https://ngs-kn.de/) - network of NGS core facilities in Germany.

Listen to our podcast and we're happy to receive yourfeedback&questions via Email ( podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com ).

Our podcast is an outreach activity within the national genomics facility "West German Genome Center" funded by the DFG (https://www.dfg.de/) (No. 407493903)

License Notice

This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠⁠⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠⁠⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

Attribution:

Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

Website: ⁠⁠⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/⁠

Jul 02, 202436:55
E10: Genome Mapping

E10: Genome Mapping

Who needs all bases anyway?


Chapters:

00:00 Phasing

08:50 Not Sequencing, really

14:00 Bionano Saphyr Chip

26:00 Nabsys - going electric

29:30 Tools available

39:00 QuickGen with Iuliia: Transposons!


Links:

Small explainer by CAP: https://www.cap.org/member-resources/articles/optical-genome-mapping-a-tool-with-significant-potential-from-discovery-to-diagnostics


What genome mapping can be used for: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/12/3/398


Finding SVs with genome mapping: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41408-024-01059-x


Bionano github repos: https://github.com/search?q=bionano&type=repositories&s=updated&o=desc

Listen to our podcast and send your feedback to podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com


Since 2019, West German Genome Center https://wggc.de/ operates as the nextgeneration sequencing facility and supports research in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise and sequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network NGS-CN https://ngs-cn.de/ – network of NGS core facilities in Germany.


The Explain Podcast is recorded at the Multimediazentrum at Heinrich-Heine University ofDüsseldorf https://www.mmz.hhu.de/ Our podcast is an outreach activity within the national genomics facility ”West German Genome Center” funded by the Ministerium für Kultur und Wissenschaft des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen https://www.mkw.nrw/land-foerdert-spitzenzentrum-fuer-genomsequenzierung-nordrhein-westfalen/

License Notice

This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠⁠⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠⁠⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

Attribution:

Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

Website: ⁠⁠⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/⁠

May 27, 202448:13
E9: Single Cell Sequencing

E9: Single Cell Sequencing

Chapters:


00:00 Gambling

15:00 Bubbles

30:00 Holes

57:30 One more thing

1:07:00 Finale

1:08:00 Finale of season 1!



Eric Chow explaining single cell sequencing: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k9VFNLLQP8c


Overview of things to consider: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VWUPKrnRvoQ


How to analyze single cell data: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5HBzgsz8qyk


A very good single cell analysis toolkit: https://satijalab.org/seurat/


Explainer for the rough workflow:https://www.technologynetworks.com/genomics/articles/understanding-single-cell-sequencing-how-it-works-and-its-applications-357578


Quick explainer on single cell sequencing:https://www.the-scientist.com/single-cell-sequencing-in-a-nutshell-71048


A method-overview paper: https://www.nature.com/articles/s12276-020-00499-2


Comparing BD Parse and 10xGenomics: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33414681/


Pseudotime analysis: https://bioconductor.org/books/3.14/OSCA.advanced/trajectory-analysis.html


Since 2018, West German Genome Center (https://wggc.de/) operates as the next generation sequencing facility and supports research in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise and sequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network (NGS-CN: https://ngs-kn.de/) - network of NGS core facilities in Germany.

Listen to our podcast and send your feedback to ( podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com ).

The Explain Podcast is recorded at the Medienlabor at Heinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf (https://medienlab.phil.hhu.de/). Our podcast is an outreach activity within the national genomics facility "West German Genome Center" funded by the DFG (https://www.dfg.de/) (No. 407493903).


PS: I do not know how in the Parse approach the cells are treated to let the ligase and DNA enter each cell, but do not let RNA flow out of the cell at the same time. -DR

License Notice

This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠⁠⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠⁠⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

Attribution:

Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

Website: ⁠⁠⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/⁠

Mar 22, 202401:10:38
Special: PhiX / UMIs / QC

Special: PhiX / UMIs / QC

Getting the most out of Machines


Chapters:

00:00 PhiX

14:30 low complexity

19:30 UMIs

32:10 FastQC

43:00 MultiQC

56:40 PycoQC


PhiX concentrations for loading a validation run:https://knowledge.illumina.com/instrumentation/general/instrumentation-general-reference_material-list/000001536


Dnatech on why UMIs are used:https://dnatech.genomecenter.ucdavis.edu/faqs/what-are-umis-and-why-are-they-used-in-high-throughput-sequencing/


BMH learning on UMIs: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sRPMsnhIBK0


FastQC for QC of .fastq(.gz) files:https://www.bioinformatics.babraham.ac.uk/projects/fastqc/


A FastQC report from a „good“ sample:https://www.bioinformatics.babraham.ac.uk/projects/fastqc/good_sequence_short_fastqc.html


multiqc for summarizing QC reports: https://multiqc.info/


UMI-tools for working with UMI data: https://umi-tools.readthedocs.io/en/latest/


pycoQC for Nanopore QC: https://github.com/a-slide/pycoQC


Since 2018, West German Genome Center (https://wggc.de/)operates as the next generation sequencing facility and supportsresearch in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise andsequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network (NGS-CN: https://ngs-kn.de/)- network of NGS core facilities in Germany. Listen to our podcast and we're happy to receive your feedback&questions via Email (podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com ).


The Explain Podcast is recorded at the Medienlabor atHeinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf (https://medienlab.phil.hhu.de/). Our podcast is an outreach activity within the national genomics facility "West German Genome Center" funded by the DFG (https://www.dfg.de/) (No. 407493903).

License Notice

This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠⁠⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠⁠⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

Attribution:

Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

Website: ⁠⁠⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/⁠

Feb 09, 202401:10:43
E8: Nanopore

E8: Nanopore

Pushing spaghetti through holes


Chapers:

00:00 Intro

11:15 Measuring Ions

17:00 Quality

23:00 Duplex

24:30 MinION

25:15 PromethION

28:20 Methylation

29:00 Direct RNA sequencing

38:25 Basecalling

46:00 Basecalling bias

53:50 Sequencing proteins


- Nanopore explainer: https://nanoporetech.com/applications/dna-nanopore-sequencing


- Oxsci explaining the technology:https://oxsci.org/pore-over-this-advances-in-dna-sequencing/


- History of Nanopore:https://www.whatisbiotechnology.org/index.php/science/summary/nanopore/nanopore-sequencing-makes-it-possible-to-decode-the


- Shmou’s Biology explaining Nanopore sequencing:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MlluAjhzXqI


- A direct comparison of Nanopore and Illumina output:https://medresearch.umich.edu/office-research/about-office-research/biomedical-research-core-facilities/advanced-genomics-core/technologies/next-generation-sequencing


- A nice Nanopore QC tool we use: https://hpc.nih.gov/apps/pycoQC.html


- How a MinION looks like:https://www.whatech.com/og/markets-research/medical/658327-global-nanopore-sequencing-market-2020


Since 2018, West German Genome Center (https://wggc.de/)operates as the next generation sequencing facility and supportsresearch in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise andsequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network (NGS-CN: https://ngs-kn.de/)- network of NGS core facilities in Germany.

Listen to our podcast and we're happy to receive your feedback&questions via Email ( podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com ).

The Explain Podcast is recorded at the Medienlabor at Heinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf (https://medienlab.phil.hhu.de/).

Our podcast is an outreach activity within the national genomicsfacility "West German Genome Center" funded by the DFG(https://www.dfg.de/) (No. 407493903).

License Notice

This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠⁠⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠⁠⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

Attribution:

Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

Website: ⁠⁠⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/⁠

Jan 16, 202457:01
E7: PacBio

E7: PacBio

Zipping rounds in zeptoliters


Chapters:

00:00 Intro

07:00 Laser

09:00 Zeptoliters

13:30 Polymerase speed

19:00 Error rate

22:00 SMRT Cell

25:45 ccs

30:00 Fragment size

34:30 Megaruptor

38:20 Data flow

47:00 SVs

53:00 MAS Seq


- Starter: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41366-021-00824-3


- Karobben on PacBio sequencing: https://karobben.github.io/2023/10/30/Bioinfor/PacBio/


- bioinformticamente explaining the technology:https://bioinformaticamente.com/2020/12/05/pacbio-sequencing/


- Basic Biochem explainer of SMRT sequencing:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H2gUmRf-K1c


- Genomics Lab explaining it: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vRhUSjhygDU


- PacBio explaining BAM Tags: https://pacbiofileformats.readthedocs.io/en/13.0/BAM.html


- Megaruptor3 explainer (how we make the right sized fragments) :https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zVhqnkQL8zo


- How we select the right sized fragments: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A25C8xfBbq8



Since 2018, West German Genome Center (https://wggc.de/)operates as the next generation sequencing facility and supportsresearch in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise andsequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network (NGS-CN: https://ngs-kn.de/)- network of NGS core facilities in Germany. Listen to our podcast and we're happy to receive your feedback&questions via Email (podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com ).


The Explain Podcast is recorded at the Medienlabor at Heinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf (https://medienlab.phil.hhu.de/).

Our podcast is an outreach activity within the national genomicsfacility "West German Genome Center" funded by the DFG(https://www.dfg.de/) (No. 407493903).

License Notice

This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠⁠⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠⁠⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

Attribution:

Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

Website: ⁠⁠⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/⁠

Dec 21, 202356:27
E6: Illumina Sequencing Part II

E6: Illumina Sequencing Part II

Glued DNA bridges and rainbow clusters


Chapters:

00:00-Flowcells

03:40-DNA glued to glass

09:00-Bridge amplification

15:50-Cluster density and patterned Flowcells

28:30-Illumina SBS summary

30:30-Limits

33:00-Multiplexing and Demultiplexing




- enseqlopedia on patterned vs unpatterned flowcell:http://enseqlopedia.com/2016/01/almost-everything-you-wanted-to-know-about-illumina-hiseq-4000-and-some-stuff-you-didnt/


- ClevaLabs on Illumina sequencing: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WKAUtJQ69n8


- Yourgenome on how the Illumina workflow works:https://www.yourgenome.org/facts/what-is-the-illumina-method-of-dna-sequencing/


- DNATech comparing Illumina Machines:https://dnatech.genomecenter.ucdavis.edu/illumina-high-throughput-sequencing/


- iBiology on sample preparation for Illumina sequencing:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PFwSe09dJX0


- StatQuest on how to use Illumina sequencing for RNA analysis:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tlf6wYJrwKY


- Illumina Flowcell and sequencing machines pictures:https://www.illumina.com/company/news-center/multimedia-images.html


- Nice explainer about paired-end sequencing:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gVrmfLXJRGM



Since 2018, West German Genome Center (https://wggc.de/)operates as the next generation sequencing facility and supportsresearch in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise andsequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network (NGS-CN: https://ngs-kn.de/)- network of NGS core facilities in Germany. Listen to our podcast and send your feedback to ( podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com ).

The Explain Podcast is recorded at the Medienlabor at Heinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf (https://medienlab.phil.hhu.de/).

Our podcast is an outreach activity within the national genomics facility "West German Genome Center" funded by the DFG (https://www.dfg.de/) (No. 407493903).


Clarification: Each Flowcell on the Illumina platform has 1-8channels, each channel can be filled with multiple different samples- DR

License Notice

This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠⁠⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠⁠⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

Attribution:

Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

Website: ⁠⁠⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/⁠

Dec 01, 202338:39
E5: Illumina Sequencing Part I

E5: Illumina Sequencing Part I

Colour mixing in PHRED space


Chapters:


00:00 Nucleotides level 2

09:00 Cycles

12:00 Not-so-wobbly mutations

15:30 Reducing colourspace

22:30 Cutting connections

28:14 Costs and PHRED



- ClevaLabs on Illumina sequencing: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WKAUtJQ69n8


- Yourgenome on how the Illumina workflow works:https://www.yourgenome.org/facts/what-is-the-illumina-method-of-dna-sequencing/


- DNATech comparing Illumina Machines:https://dnatech.genomecenter.ucdavis.edu/illumina-high-throughput-sequencing/


- iBiology on sample preparation for Illumina sequencing:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PFwSe09dJX0


- StatQuest on how to use Illumina sequencing for RNA analysis:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tlf6wYJrwKY


- Illumina Flowcell and sequencing machines pictures:https://www.illumina.com/company/news-center/multimedia-images.html


- Nice explainer about paired-end sequencing:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gVrmfLXJRGM


Since 2018, West German Genome Center (https://wggc.de/)operates as the next generation sequencing facility and supportsresearch in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise andsequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network (NGS-CN: https://ngs-kn.de/)- network of NGS core facilities in Germany.

Listen to our podcast and send your feedback to ( podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com ).

The Explain Podcast is recorded at the Medienlabor at Heinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf (https://medienlab.phil.hhu.de/).

Our podcast is an outreach activity within the national genomics facility "West German Genome Center" funded by the DFG (https://www.dfg.de/) (No. 407493903).

CORRECTION: On the Illumina 1-channel chemistry, one base signal gets added, one removed at the enzymatic step: so that's one signal that stays, one that disappears, one that comes to shine and one that never shines. - DR

License Notice

This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠⁠⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠⁠⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

Attribution:

Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

Website: ⁠⁠⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/⁠

Nov 13, 202334:31
Special: How Sequencing is used

Special: How Sequencing is used

Iuliia killed the stripey cat


Chapters:


00:00 Intro

00:04:44 Stripes

00:11:40 Sanger with colors

00:17:20 CATCATCAT...

00:33:20 Planes

00:38:15 Genome assembly

00:40:00 Transcriptomics

01:01:00 Hi-C


Why women are stripey: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BD6h-wDj7bw


Future-science about str profiling: https://www.future-science.com/doi/10.2144/000112582


Mark Santucci explaining str profiles: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Eg3gH2wmAW8


NIJ explaining the theory for beginners:https://nij.ojp.gov/topics/articles/what-str-analysis


MIT on genome assembly: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZYW2AeDE6wU


Fundamentals of genome assembly by Bioinformatics DotCa:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5wvGapmA5zM


Genome assembly tips from F1000Research:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5850084/


CD Genomics explaining some genome assembly metrics:https://www.cd-genomics.com/an-overview-of-genome-assembly.html


Geneticeducation giving an intro to transcriptomics:https://geneticeducation.co.in/what-is-transcriptomics/


A slideshare explaining transcriptomics:https://www.slideshare.net/divyasrivastava17/transcriptome-analysis


How to create a volcano plot in R:https://training.galaxyproject.org/training-material/topics/transcriptomics/tutorials/rna-seq-viz-with-volcanoplot-r/tutorial.html


Bioinformatic walk-through by the galaxy project with a typical RNA-Seq experiment:https://training.galaxyproject.org/training-material/topics/transcriptomics/tutorials/rna-seq-counts-to-genes/tutorial.html


RNA splicing explained by arpan: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IJQv1H-2IoI


khanacademy on RNA processing:https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-biology/gene-expression-and-regulation/transcription-and-rna-processing/a/eukaryotic-pre-mrna-processing


Since 2018, West German Genome Center (https://wggc.de/)operates as the next generation sequencing facility and supportsresearch in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise andsequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network (NGS-CN: https://ngs-kn.de/)- network of NGS core facilities in Germany.

Listen to our podcast and we're happy to receive your feedback&questions via Email ( podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com ).


The Explain Podcast is recorded at the Medienlabor atHeinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf(https://medienlab.phil.hhu.de/).


Our podcast is an outreach activity within the national genomicsfacility "West German Genome Center" funded by the DFG(https://www.dfg.de/) (No.407493903).

License Notice

This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠⁠⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠⁠⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

Attribution:

Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

Website: ⁠⁠⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/⁠

Oct 20, 202301:07:18
E4: Ion Torrent Sequencing

E4: Ion Torrent Sequencing

H+ ions and where we can find them


Chapters:


00:00 Intro

04:26 pH

08:04 DNA Polymerase reaction with H+

12:30 Nucleotides

16:30 Homopolymer problem, but different

19:30 PCR is mean to some bases

24:30 AmpliSeq

33:40 Today’s status

38:58 cfDNA

40:00 PHRED vs Qscore

44:59 Chip scaling and prices

51:00 Outro

- bitesizedbio on the technology:https://bitesizebio.com/27399/all-in-the-chip-ion-torrent-sequencers/

- Quick explainer from Basic Biochem: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vMUnN2Y48Us

- Slideshow giving an overview:https://www.slideshare.net/USDBioinformatics/ion-torrent-sequencing

- biobinge explaining Iontorrent sequencing:https://biobinge.pubpub.org/pub/its/release/1

- rna-seqblog showing a comparison to Illumina:https://www.rna-seqblog.com/a-comparison-of-illumina-and-ion-torrent-sequencing-platforms-and-the-winner-is/

- Explainer by Shomu’s Biology: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Ch5189aaCU


Since 2018, West German Genome Center (https://wggc.de/) operates as the next generation sequencing facility and supports research in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise and sequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network (NGS-CN: https://ngs-kn.de/) - network of NGS core facilities in Germany.

Listen to our podcast and we're happy to receive your feedback&questions via Email ( podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com ).


The Explain Podcast is recorded at the Medienlabor at Heinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf (https://medienlab.phil.hhu.de/).


Our podcast is an outreach activity within the national genomics facility "West German Genome Center" funded by the DFG (https://www.dfg.de/) (No. 407493903).

License Notice

This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠⁠⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠⁠⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

Attribution:

Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

Website: ⁠⁠⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/⁠

Sep 22, 202352:32
E3: SOLiD Sequencing

E3: SOLiD Sequencing

If ligation is more your thing

- Special Operations explaining SOLiD Sequencing: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YLT-DUeaLms


- Writeup by the Apollo Institute on SOLiD Sequencing: https://apollo-institute.org/solid-sequencing/


- Quick run-through video by ABI: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nlvyF8bFDwM


- Ars technica about the technology:https://arstechnica.com/science/2009/12/dna-sequencing-gets-solid-with-built-in-error-detection/


- atdbio explaining SOLiD sequencing:https://atdbio.com/nucleic-acids-book/Next-generation-sequencing#Sequencing-by-ligation-SOLiD


- Biogene Blog on SOLiD sequencers:https://www.creative-biogene.com/blog/index.php/2017/02/22/the-next-generation-sequencing-platform-of-abi-company/



Chapters:


00:00 Intro

02:45 Ligation

06:50 Getting hairy balls

20:00 Bead 1 with DNA polonies

23:30 6 Base Jokers

24:00 2-Base encoding colours

29:15 Offsets and holes

35:00 Randomness and barcodes

37:25 Chemistry summary

40:30 Homopolymers are not the problem

46:30 SOLiDs fate



Since 2018, West German Genome Center (https://wggc.de/) operates as the next generation sequencing facility and supports research in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise and sequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network (NGS-CN: https://ngs-kn.de/) - network of NGS core facilities in Germany.

Listen to our podcast and we're happy to receive your feedback&questions via Email ( podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com ).


The Explain Podcast is recorded at the Medienlabor at Heinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf (https://medienlab.phil.hhu.de/).


Our podcast is an outreach activity within the national genomics facility "West German Genome Center" funded by the DFG (https://www.dfg.de/) (No. 407493903).


License Notice

This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠⁠⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠⁠⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

Attribution:

Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

Website: ⁠⁠⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/⁠

Aug 22, 202351:55
Special: Kitchen Genomics + DIY DNA Isolation

Special: Kitchen Genomics + DIY DNA Isolation

Iuliia and Daniel have fun with salt water and alcohol


Chapters:

00:00:00 DIY DNA isolation

00:15:38 Directed evolution of Enzymes


DNA isolation in your kitchen


- Experiment during the episode: https://www.instructables.com/How-to-Extract-Your-Own-DNA-Using-Household-Kitche/

- Another protocol with the same approach: https://learning-center.homesciencetools.com/article/how-to-extract-dna-at-home/

- Extract DNA from a strawberry: https://www.popsci.com/diy/diy-science-project-strawberrry-dna/

- Banana DNA extraction: https://askabiologist.asu.edu/activities/banana-dna


BONUS:


Directed, artifical evolution of enzymes:

- Where it comes from:https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2018/arnold/facts/

- Chemistryworld about the idea:https://www.chemistryworld.com/news/what-is-directed-evolution-and-why-did-it-win-the-chemistry-nobel-prize/3009584.article

- A few of many results of this method: https://pdb101.rcsb.org/motm/228

- MIT News about adding robots to this:https://news.mit.edu/2021/robotic-directed-evolution-molecules-1230


Since 2018, West German Genome Center (https://wggc.de/) operates as the next generation sequencing facility and supports research in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise and sequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network (NGS-CN: https://ngs-kn.de/) - network of NGS core facilities in Germany.

Listen to our podcast and send your feedback to ( podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com ).

The Explain Podcast is recorded at the Medienlabor at Heinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf (https://medienlab.phil.hhu.de/). Our podcast is an outreach activity within the national genomics facility "West German Genome Center" funded by the DFG (https://www.dfg.de/) (No. 407493903).


License Notice

This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠⁠⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠⁠⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

Attribution:

Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

Website: ⁠⁠⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/⁠

Aug 04, 202322:48
E2: Pyrosequencing

E2: Pyrosequencing

Daniel and Iuliia are confused about fireflies


- Scientific american on how fireflies create light:https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-and-why-do-fireflies/

- A small breakdown of a typical Pyrosequencing workflow:https://www.news-medical.net/life-sciences/What-is-Pyrosequencing.aspx

- Biology-pages on Pyrosequencing: https://www.biology-pages.info/P/Pyrosequencing.html

- Biotechfront on Pyrosequencing:https://www.biotechfront.com/2021/04/pyrosequencing-principle-and-steps.html

- Shomu's Biology on Pyrosequencing: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=he6kJStE2zs

- Quick Biochemistry Basics explaining the method:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wY8to-_zAEo

- Bionity on Pyrosequencing:https://www.bionity.com/en/encyclopedia/454_Life_Sciences.html


Chapters:


00:00 Intro

03:00 Fireflies

04:00 Energy

06:00 Luciferase Reaction

11:00 TTTTTTTTTTTTTTT...T?

14:00 microwell Plates

18:00 Pyrosequencing

25:00 Storage & Price

30:00 Teaser

31:00 Pyro?

34:00 Outro


Since 2018, West German Genome Center (https://wggc.de/)operates as the next generation sequencing facility and supportsresearch in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise andsequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation SequencingCompetence Network (NGS-CN: https://ngs-kn.de/)- network of NGS core facilities in Germany.

Listen to our podcast and we're happy to receive yourfeedback&questions via Email (podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com ).

The Explain Podcast is recorded at the Medienlabor at the Heinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf (https://medienlab.phil.hhu.de/). Our podcast is an outreach activity within the national genomicsfacility "West German Genome Center" funded by the DFG (https://www.dfg.de/) (No. 407493903).


License Notice

This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

Attribution:

Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

Website: ⁠⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/

Jul 14, 202334:24
E1: Basics - from DNA to Sanger sequencing

E1: Basics - from DNA to Sanger sequencing

Iuliia is confused about RNA and Daniel doesn’t know the size of a DNA nucleotide


Chapters:

00:00 -Intro

02:00 -DNA

08:27 -Enzymes

13:05 -RNAs, tRNAs

16:18 -mRNAs, µRNAs, lncRNAs, circRNAs

21:35 -Wobble

23:30 -PCR

33:20 -Sanger sequencing I

36:30 -Gel electrophoresis

40:00 -Sanger sequencing II

53:10 -Teaser next Episode, Outro



Topics:


DNA, RNA, Protein, PCR, Gel Electrophoresis, Sanger Sequencing



- The Royal Institution on the DNA Discovery: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_w2453iom9s

- The discovery of DNA on science history: https://sciencehistory.org/education/scientific-biographies/james-watson-francis-crick-maurice-wilkins-and-rosalind-franklin/

- The New York Times on Franklins’ part: https://www.nytimes.com/2023/04/25/science/rosalind-franklin-dna.html

- Wikipedias article on Proteins with history: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein

- Jrank on RNA: https://science.jrank.org/pages/5871/Ribonucleic-Acid-RNA-discovery-RNA.html

- Microbe Notes showing the central dogma of molecular biology: https://microbenotes.com/central-dogma-replication-transcription-translation/

- ThoughtCo on RNA and DNA: https://www.thoughtco.com/dna-versus-rna-608191

- khanacademy explainers on PCR and Gel electrophoresis: https://www.khanacademy.org/science/ap-biology/gene-expression-and-regulation/biotechnology/a/polymerase-chain-reaction-pcr

- Amoeba Sisters on PCR: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a5jmdh9AnS4

- Promega explaining Sanger sequencing: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dVRB4CaLizc

- Microbe online’s writeup on Sanger sequencing: https://microbeonline.com/dna-sequencing-sanger-sequencing-method/

- LibreTextsBiology on Proteins and Enzymes: https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Book%3A_General_Biology_(Boundless)/03%3A_Biological_Macromolecules/3.07%3A_Proteins_-_Types_and_Functions_of_Proteins

- excedr on Taq Polymerase and PCR: https://www.excedr.com/resources/taq-polymerase-what-is-it-and-what-does-it-do/




Since 2018, West German Genome Center (https://wggc.de/) operates as the next generation sequencing facility and supports research in genomics & transcriptomics by providing expertise and sequencing services. WGGC is a part of the Next Generation Sequencing Competence Network (NGS-CN: https://ngs-kn.de/) - network of NGS core facilities in Germany.

Listen to our podcast and we're happy to receive your feedback&questions via Email ( podcast[dot]explain[at]gmail[dot]com ).


The Explain Podcast is recorded at the Medienlabor at Heinrich-Heine University of Düsseldorf (https://medienlab.phil.hhu.de/).


Our podcast is an outreach activity within the national genomics facility "West German Genome Center" funded by the DFG (https://www.dfg.de/) (No. 407493903).


P.S.: One DNA nucleotide is ~0.34 nanometers in „length“ - DR

License Notice

This podcast including all episodes, unless otherwise noted, is licensed under a ⁠Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License⁠.You are free to share, remix, and use this content as long as you give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

Attribution:

Podcast Title: Explain Podcast

Creators: Iuliia Novoselova, Daniel Rickert

Website: ⁠https://ngs-cn.de/explain-podcast/

Jun 26, 202353:49
Teaser
Jun 09, 202305:30